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<language code="spa" name="Spanish"/>
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<caption cuepoint="1.000">
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<eng>Our lesson today will explore both theoretical</eng>
<spa>Nuestra lección de hoy analizará tanto</spa>
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<eng>and experimental probability.</eng>
<spa>la probabilidad teórica como la experimental.</spa>
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<eng>Our objectives are to distinguish</eng>
<spa>Nuestros objetivos son establecer una distinción</spa>
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<eng>between theoretical and experimental probability,</eng>
<spa>entre probabilidad teórica y experimental,</spa>
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<eng>to calculate relative frequency,</eng>
<spa>calcular la frecuencia relativa,</spa>
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<eng>and to use probability to make predictions.</eng>
<spa>y usar la probabilidad para hacer predicciones.</spa>
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<eng>Probability is the likelihood an event will occur.</eng>
<spa>La probabilidad es la posibilidad de que ocurra algo.</spa>
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<eng>We can express probability as a ratio,</eng>
<spa>Podemos expresar la probabilidad como una proporción,</spa>
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<eng>a fraction, a percent, or a decimal.</eng>
<spa>una fracción, un porcentaje o un decimal.</spa>
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<eng>Theoretical probability equals the number</eng>
<spa>La probabilidad teórica es igual al número</spa>
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<eng>of favorable outcomes divided by</eng>
<spa>de resultados favorables dividido</spa>
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<eng>the number of possible outcomes.</eng>
<spa>entre el número de resultados posibles.</spa>
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<eng>So therefore, theoretical probability is</eng>
<spa>Por lo tanto, la probabilidad teórica</spa>
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<eng>what should happen according to the numbers.</eng>
<spa>es lo que debería pasar según los números.</spa>
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<eng>Experimental probability is equal to the number</eng>
<spa>La probabilidad experimental es igual al número</spa>
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<eng>of times an event occurs divided</eng>
<spa>de veces que un evento ocurre dividido</spa>
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<eng>by the total number of trials or attempts.</eng>
<spa>entre el número total de ensayos o intentos.</spa>
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<eng>So therefore, experimental probability is</eng>
<spa>Por lo tanto, la probabilidad experimental</spa>
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<eng>what occurs when a trial is performed.</eng>
<spa>es lo que ocurre cuando se realiza un ensayo.</spa>
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<eng>Be sure to follow along in your study guide.</eng>
<spa>Asegúrese de seguir su guía de estudio.</spa>
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<eng>At this time, pause the video and go ahead</eng>
<spa>En este momento, haga una pausa en el video y póngase</spa>
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<eng>and write these equations in your study guide.</eng>
<spa>a escribir estas ecuaciones en su guía de estudio.</spa>
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<eng>For example, if I have a coin like this</eng>
<spa>Por ejemplo, si tengo una moneda como esta</spa>
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<eng>that has a heads and a tails,</eng>
<spa>que tiene cara y cruz,</spa>
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<eng>you might assume that if I flipped it two times,</eng>
<spa>podría asumir que si la lanzara dos veces,</spa>
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<eng>I would get exactly one heads and one tails.</eng>
<spa>yo conseguiría exactamente una cara y una cruz.</spa>
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<eng>That would be called the theoretical probability.</eng>
<spa>Eso se llamaría probabilidad teórica.</spa>
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<eng>However, if I actually flip this coin like such,</eng>
<spa>Sin embargo, si lanzo la moneda al aire así,</spa>
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<eng>let us say twenty times, I might land</eng>
<spa>digamos que veinte veces, podría aterrizar</spa>
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<eng>on tails thirteen out of twenty times.</eng>
<spa>en cruz trece de cada veinte veces.</spa>
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<eng>That is not what is expected.</eng>
<spa>Eso no es lo que se espera.</spa>
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<eng>That is called the experimental probability,</eng>
<spa>Eso se llama probabilidad experimental,</spa>
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<eng>and that is what we get when</eng>
<spa>y eso es lo que obtenemos cuando</spa>
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<eng>we perform a trial or experiment.</eng>
<spa>realizamos un ensayo o experimento.</spa>
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<eng>Here, we have a bag of marbles that includes one yellow,</eng>
<spa>He aquí una bolsa de canicas que contiene una amarilla,</spa>
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<eng>three red, two blue, and four green marbles.</eng>
<spa>tres rojas, dos azules y cuatro verdes.</spa>
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<eng>So the question is, what would be the probability</eng>
<spa>Así que la pregunta es, ¿cuál sería la probabilidad</spa>
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<eng>of drawing one red marble from the bag?</eng>
<spa>de sacar una canica roja de la bolsa?</spa>
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<eng>As you can see, we have written the equation</eng>
<spa>Como puede ver, hemos escrito la ecuación</spa>
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<eng>for theoretical probability as it applies</eng>
<spa>para la probabilidad teórica tal y como se aplica</spa>
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<eng>to this problem right here.</eng>
<spa>justo a este problema.</spa>
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<eng>In order to determine how many red marbles there are,</eng>
<spa>Para determinar cuántas canicas rojas hay,</spa>
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<eng>we have to count two different things here:</eng>
<spa>tenemos que tener en cuenta dos cosas diferentes:</spa>
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<eng>the total number of red marbles</eng>
<spa>el número total de canicas rojas</spa>
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<eng>and the number of total marbles.</eng>
<spa>y el número de canicas totales.</spa>
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<eng>Let us look back at our bag of marbles.</eng>
<spa>Volvamos a nuestra bolsa de canicas.</spa>
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<eng>We have three red marbles and we have a total of ten marbles.</eng>
<spa>Tenemos tres canicas rojas y un total de diez canicas.</spa>
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<eng>This total includes the red marbles.</eng>
<spa>Este total incluye las canicas rojas.</spa>
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<eng>We can see that there are three red marbles in the bag,</eng>
<spa>Podemos ver que hay tres canicas rojas en la bolsa,</spa>
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<eng>so we are going to write down the number three.</eng>
<spa>así que vamos a escribir el número tres.</spa>
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<eng>We can also see that there are ten total marbles</eng>
<spa>También podemos ver que hay diez canicas en total</spa>
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<eng>in the bag, so we are going to write down ten.</eng>
<spa>en la bolsa, así que vamos a anotar diez.</spa>
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<eng>Three divided by ten renders a decimal that is equal</eng>
<spa>Tres dividido entre diez da un decimal que es igual</spa>
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<eng>to three-tenths, which is also equivalent to thirty percent.</eng>
<spa>a 3/10, lo que también equivale al treinta por ciento.</spa>
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<eng>So the probability of drawing a red marble</eng>
<spa>Así que la probabilidad de dibujar una canica roja</spa>
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<eng>from the bag is equal to thirty percent.</eng>
<spa>de la bolsa es igual al treinta por ciento.</spa>
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<eng>In our last example, we calculated</eng>
<spa>En nuestro último ejemplo, calculamos</spa>
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<eng>the theoretical probability, but let us take</eng>
<spa>la probabilidad teórica, pero echemos un vistazo</spa>
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<eng>a look at experimental probability.</eng>
<spa>a la probabilidad experimental.</spa>
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<eng>Think in your mind of me drawing one marble</eng>
<spa>Imagíneme sacando una canica</spa>
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<eng>out of a bag one hundred times.</eng>
<spa>de una bolsa cien veces.</spa>
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<eng>We can use these results to calculate</eng>
<spa>Podemos usar estos resultados para calcular</spa>
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<eng>the relative frequency of a particular outcome.</eng>
<spa>la frecuencia relativa de un resultado en particular.</spa>
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<eng>Relative frequency equals the number</eng>
<spa>La frecuencia relativa es igual al número</spa>
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<eng>of occurrences over the number of attempts.</eng>
<spa>de ocurrencias entre el número de intentos.</spa>
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<eng>As you can see, I have recorded all of my one hundred attempts here.</eng>
<spa>Como puede ver, he anotado los cien intentos aquí.</spa>
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<eng>So the question is, what would be the relative frequency</eng>
<spa>Así que la pregunta es, ¿cuál sería la frecuencia relativa</spa>
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<eng>of drawing a red marble from the bag?</eng>
<spa>de sacar una canica roja de la bolsa?</spa>
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<eng>As we can see, there are thirty-four number of red occurrences here,</eng>
<spa>Como podemos ver, hay treinta y cuatro números de ocurrencias rojas,</spa>
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<eng>so thirty-four divided by the total number of attempts, one hundred,</eng>
<spa>así que dividido treinta y cuatro entre el total de intentos, cien,</spa>
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<eng>gives me thirty-four out of one hundred, or thirty-four one hundredths, or thirty-four percent.</eng>
<spa>me da treinta y cuatro de cada cien, o treinta y cuatro centésimas, o treinta y cuatro por ciento.</spa>
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<eng>We can also use the results</eng>
<spa>También podemos usar los resultados</spa>
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<eng>of an experiment to make predictions.</eng>
<spa>de un experimento para hacer predicciones.</spa>
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<eng>Let us try an example.</eng>
<spa>Probemos con un ejemplo.</spa>
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<eng>Here, we have the results of a survey</eng>
<spa>Aquí tenemos los resultados de una encuesta</spa>
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<eng>for uniform wear given to a random sample</eng>
<spa>sobre el uso de uniforme realizada a doscientos estudiantes</spa>
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<eng>of two hundred high school students at Johnson High School.</eng>
<spa>de secundaria en Johnson High School escogidos al azar.</spa>
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<eng>Johnson High School has nineteen hundred students,</eng>
<spa>Johnson High School tiene mil novecientos estudiantes,</spa>
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<eng>so the question is, can you predict how many</eng>
<spa>así que la pregunta es, ¿puedes predecir cuántos</spa>
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<eng>of the school's nineteen hundred students are wearing a white polo?</eng>
<spa>de los mil novecientos estudiantes llevan un polo blanco?</spa>
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<eng>So remember, there are nineteen hundred students at the school,</eng>
<spa>Recuerda, hay mil novecientos estudiantes en la escuela,</spa>
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<eng>but we are only taking a sample of two hundred.</eng>
<spa>pero solo hemos preguntado a doscientos.</spa>
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<eng>So if we wanted to determine how many students</eng>
<spa>Si quisiéramos determinar cuántos estudiantes</spa>
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<eng>are wearing white polos at the school,</eng>
<spa>llevan polos blancos a clase,</spa>
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<eng>we could write down what we are given here.</eng>
<spa>podríamos escribir lo que nos da aquí.</spa>
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<eng>In this case, there are thirty-nine students out of two hundred</eng>
<spa>En este caso, hay treinta y nueve estudiantes de un total de doscientos</spa>
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<eng>that are wearing a white polo.</eng>
<spa>que llevan un polo blanco.</spa>
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<eng>That is equal to one hundred ninety-five one thousandths, or nineteen point five percent.</eng>
<spa>Eso es igual a ciento noventa y cinco milésimas, o diecinueve y cinco décimas por ciento.</spa>
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<eng>We could also use this same data to figure out how many</eng>
<spa>También podríamos usar estos datos para averiguar cuántos</spa>
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<eng>of the nineteen hundred students are wearing a white polo.</eng>
<spa>de los mil novecientos estudiantes llevan un polo blanco.</spa>
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<eng>In this case, nineteen point five percent of nineteen hundred</eng>
<spa>En este caso, el diecinueve y cinco décimas por ciento de los mil novecientos</spa>
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<eng>is approximately three hundred seventy-one students.</eng>
<spa>son aproximadamente trescientos setenta y uno estudiantes.</spa>
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<eng>So now, we have talked about theoretical</eng>
<spa>Bueno, hemos hablado de la teoría</spa>
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<eng>and experimental probability, so go ahead</eng>
<spa>y probabilidad experimental, así que continúe</spa>
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<eng>and do some practice problems real quick.</eng>
<spa>y haga algunos problemas prácticos muy rápido.</spa>
</caption>
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